Health Benefits of Cod Liver Oil

The cod liver oil is obtained from the liver of cod, a fish. It contains fatty acids, and vitamin A , E, and D which are essential to the human body. Before the discovery of omega-3 fatty acids in it, the health benefits of this oil were attributed to vitamin A and vitamin D present in it.

Cod liver oil may be obtained by eating the liver of cod fish or by taking supplements. A tablespoon or 15-grams of supplement taken daily may fulfill an individual's requirements of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D and A.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Fatty acids found in cod liver oil are present in the form of omega-3 fatty acids, which are vital for the healthy functioning of the heart and the brain. They also play an important role in the proper functioning of joints and the digestive system. Fish is the primary source of these fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are present in the fish.

DHA is highly beneficial for the nervous system, ears, and eyes. It also aids in countering depression. This oil is beneficial for a person affected by intermittent or chronic depression. Women affected by postpartum depression are also prescribed this oil. It is also known to cure ear infections.

The EPA present in it is believed to reduce inflammation. EPA is also necessary to maintain the emotional health of a person. These capsules when taken for 12 weeks, may reduce joint pain by inhibiting cartilage damaging enzymes.

Vitamins and Calcium
Cod liver oil contains vitamin A which is important for the normal growth of the body. It is an essential factor in maintaining our ability to see in the dark. It promotes healthy skin and strong mucosal linings, especially in the digestive tract. The oil is often prescribed for many digestive and skin disorders as it is a rich source of vitamin A.

Vitamin E present in the oil helps the body in the processing of fatty acids. It is a good antioxidant which helps in improvement of the skin and hair quality. A teaspoonful contains 10 IU of vitamin E.

Vitamin D is not available in natural foods, rather it is obtained from sunlight. For people who live in areas like the tundra, where the daylight is available only for a short time, benefits of these supplements are innumerable. They fulfill their need of vitamin D and strengthens the bones.

Vitamin D also benefits the immune system and helps the body in regulating its blood sugar levels. It also helps prevent type II diabetes and high blood pressure.

Calcium is essential for the formation and maintenance of teeth and bones in the body. Cod liver oil helps the body in the absorption of calcium.

It is useful for children affected by neurological problems. Rickets, which is one of the most common disease of children in the developing countries, makes them prone to bone fractures and deformity. Vitamin D present in the cod liver oil prevents this disease. Osteomalacia in adults may be prevented by the usage of this oil as a dietary supplement.

This disease, like rickets in children, is a condition involving weakening (softening) of bones, and is caused due to vitamin D deficiency.

A major disadvantage is the high levels of vitamin A and D. Therefore, pregnant women should consult their doctors before taking cod liver oil, as high doses of vitamin A may cause birth defects. Carrots, fruits, and vegetables are also good alternative sources of vitamin A. In large quantities, vitamin D is toxic to the human body. Therefore, alternative foods like egg yolk and milk should be taken.

Vitamin A and D present in the cod liver oil doses could easily cause overdose. Some brands contain 5,000 IU of vitamin D per teaspoon, whereas the recommended quantity is not greater than 800 IU for an adult.

The oil is a very good nutritional supplement, when taken in small doses. Nowadays, with vitamin-fortified food products and multi-vitamins the need of these supplements has gone down. Moreover, before following an established practice of consuming cod liver oil as a supplement, it is necessary to take medical advice.